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Calculation Engine

Using the PhpSpreadsheet calculation engine

Performing formula calculations

As PhpSpreadsheet represents an in-memory spreadsheet, it also offers formula calculation capabilities. A cell can be of a value type (containing a number or text), or a formula type (containing a formula which can be evaluated). For example, the formula =SUM(A1:A10) evaluates to the sum of values in A1, A2, ..., A10.

To calculate a formula, you can call the cell containing the formula’s method getCalculatedValue(), for example:

$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->getCell('E11')->getCalculatedValue();

If you write the following line of code in the invoice demo included with PhpSpreadsheet, it evaluates to the value "64":

Another nice feature of PhpSpreadsheet's formula parser, is that it can automatically adjust a formula when inserting/removing rows/columns. Here's an example:

You see that the formula contained in cell E11 is "SUM(E4:E9)". Now, when I write the following line of code, two new product lines are added:

$spreadsheet->getActiveSheet()->insertNewRowBefore(7, 2);

Did you notice? The formula in the former cell E11 (now E13, as I inserted 2 new rows), changed to "SUM(E4:E11)". Also, the inserted cells duplicate style information of the previous cell, just like Excel's behaviour. Note that you can both insert rows and columns.

Known limitations

There are some known limitations to the PhpSpreadsheet calculation engine. Most of them are due to the fact that an Excel formula is converted into PHP code before being executed. This means that Excel formula calculation is subject to PHP's language characteristics.

Function that are not Supported in Xls

Not all functions are supported, for a comprehensive list, read the function list by name.

Operator precedence

In Excel + wins over &, just like * wins over + in ordinary algebra. The former rule is not what one finds using the calculation engine shipped with PhpSpreadsheet.

Formulas involving numbers and text

Formulas involving numbers and text may produce unexpected results or even unreadable file contents. For example, the formula =3+"Hello " is expected to produce an error in Excel (#VALUE!). Due to the fact that PHP converts "Hello " to a numeric value (zero), the result of this formula is evaluated as 3 instead of evaluating as an error. This also causes the Excel document being generated as containing unreadable content.

Reference for this behaviour in PHP

Formulas don’t seem to be calculated in Excel2003 using compatibility pack?

This is normal behaviour of the compatibility pack, Xlsx displays this correctly. Use \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Xls if you really need calculated values, or force recalculation in Excel2003.

Handling Date and Time Values

Excel functions that return a Date and Time value

Any of the Date and Time functions that return a date value in Excel can return either an Excel timestamp or a PHP timestamp or DateTime object.

It is possible for scripts to change the data type used for returning date values by calling the \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType() method:

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType($returnDateType);

where the following constants can be used for $returnDateType:

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_PHP_NUMERIC
\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_PHP_OBJECT
\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_EXCEL

The method will return a Boolean True on success, False on failure (e.g. if an invalid value is passed in for the return date type).

The \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::getReturnDateType() method can be used to determine the current value of this setting:

$returnDateType = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::getReturnDateType();

The default is RETURNDATE_PHP_NUMERIC.

PHP Timestamps

If RETURNDATE_PHP_NUMERIC is set for the Return Date Type, then any date value returned to the calling script by any access to the Date and Time functions in Excel will be an integer value that represents the number of seconds from the PHP/Unix base date. The PHP/Unix base date (0) is 00:00 UST on 1st January 1970. This value can be positive or negative: so a value of -3600 would be 23:00 hrs on 31st December 1969; while a value of +3600 would be 01:00 hrs on 1st January 1970. This gives PHP a date range of between 14th December 1901 and 19th January 2038.

PHP `DateTime` Objects

If the Return Date Type is set for RETURNDATE_PHP_OBJECT, then any date value returned to the calling script by any access to the Date and Time functions in Excel will be a PHP DateTime object.

Excel Timestamps

If RETURNDATE_EXCEL is set for the Return Date Type, then the returned date value by any access to the Date and Time functions in Excel will be a floating point value that represents a number of days from the Excel base date. The Excel base date is determined by which calendar Excel uses: the Windows 1900 or the Mac 1904 calendar. 1st January 1900 is the base date for the Windows 1900 calendar while 1st January 1904 is the base date for the Mac 1904 calendar.

It is possible for scripts to change the calendar used for calculating Excel date values by calling the \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::setExcelCalendar() method:

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::setExcelCalendar($baseDate);

where the following constants can be used for $baseDate:

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::CALENDAR_WINDOWS_1900
\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::CALENDAR_MAC_1904

The method will return a Boolean True on success, False on failure (e.g. if an invalid value is passed in).

The \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::getExcelCalendar() method can be used to determine the current value of this setting:

$baseDate = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::getExcelCalendar();

The default is CALENDAR_WINDOWS_1900.

Functions that return a Date/Time Value

DATE
DATEVALUE
EDATE
EOMONTH
NOW
TIME
TIMEVALUE
TODAY

Excel functions that accept Date and Time values as parameters

Date values passed in as parameters to a function can be an Excel timestamp or a PHP timestamp; or DateTime object; or a string containing a date value (e.g. '1-Jan-2009'). PhpSpreadsheet will attempt to identify their type based on the PHP datatype:

An integer numeric value will be treated as a PHP/Unix timestamp. A real (floating point) numeric value will be treated as an Excel date/timestamp. Any PHP DateTime object will be treated as a DateTime object. Any string value (even one containing straight numeric data) will be converted to a DateTime object for validation as a date value based on the server locale settings, so passing through an ambiguous value of '07/08/2008' will be treated as 7th August 2008 if your server settings are UK, but as 8th July 2008 if your server settings are US. However, if you pass through a value such as '31/12/2008' that would be considered an error by a US-based server, but which is not ambiguous, then PhpSpreadsheet will attempt to correct this to 31st December 2008. If the content of the string doesn’t match any of the formats recognised by the php DateTime object implementation of strtotime() (which can handle a wider range of formats than the normal strtotime() function), then the function will return a #VALUE error. However, Excel recommends that you should always use date/timestamps for your date functions, and the recommendation for PhpSpreadsheet is the same: avoid strings because the result is not predictable.

The same principle applies when data is being written to Excel. Cells containing date actual values (rather than Excel functions that return a date value) are always written as Excel dates, converting where necessary. If a cell formatted as a date contains an integer or DateTime object value, then it is converted to an Excel value for writing: if a cell formatted as a date contains a real value, then no conversion is required. Note that string values are written as strings rather than converted to Excel date timestamp values.

Functions that expect a Date/Time Value

DATEDIF
DAY
DAYS360
EDATE
EOMONTH
HOUR
MINUTE
MONTH
NETWORKDAYS
SECOND
WEEKDAY
WEEKNUM
WORKDAY
YEAR
YEARFRAC

Helper Methods

In addition to the setExcelCalendar() and getExcelCalendar() methods, a number of other methods are available in the \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date class that can help when working with dates:

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::excelToTimestamp($excelDate)

Converts a date/time from an Excel date timestamp to return a PHP serialized date/timestamp.

Note that this method does not trap for Excel dates that fall outside of the valid range for a PHP date timestamp.

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::excelToDateTimeObject($excelDate)

Converts a date from an Excel date/timestamp to return a PHP DateTime object.

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::PHPToExcel($PHPDate)

Converts a PHP serialized date/timestamp or a PHP DateTime object to return an Excel date timestamp.

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::formattedPHPToExcel($year, $month, $day, $hours=0, $minutes=0, $seconds=0)

Takes year, month and day values (and optional hour, minute and second values) and returns an Excel date timestamp value.

Timezone support for Excel date timestamp conversions

The default timezone for the date functions in PhpSpreadsheet is UST (Universal Standard Time). If a different timezone needs to be used, these methods are available:

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::getDefaultTimezone()

Returns the current timezone value PhpSpeadsheet is using to handle dates and times.

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::setDefaultTimezone($timeZone)

Sets the timezone for Excel date timestamp conversions to $timeZone, which must be a valid PHP DateTimeZone value. The return value is a Boolean, where true is success, and false is failure (e.g. an invalid DateTimeZone value was passed.)

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::excelToDateTimeObject($excelDate, $timeZone)

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::excelToTimeStamp($excelDate, $timeZone)

These functions support a timezone as an optional second parameter. This applies a specific timezone to that function call without affecting the default PhpSpreadsheet Timezone.

Function Reference

Database Functions

DAVERAGE

The DAVERAGE function returns the average value of the cells in a column of a list or database that match conditions you specify.

Syntax

DAVERAGE (database, field, criteria)

Parameters

database The range of cells that makes up the list or database.

A database is a list of related data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data are fields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.

field Indicates which column of the database is used in the function.

Enter the column label as a string (enclosed between double quotation marks), such as "Age" or "Yield," or as a number (without quotation marks) that represents the position of the column within the list: 1 for the first column, 2 for the second column, and so on.

criteria The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify.

You can use any range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and at least one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for the column.

Return Value

float The average value of the matching cells.

This is the statistical mean.

Examples

$database = [
    [ 'Tree',  'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit' ],
    [ 'Apple',  18,       20,    14,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',   12,       12,    10,       96.00  ],
    [ 'Cherry', 13,       14,     9,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Apple',  14,       15,    10,       75.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',    9,        8,     8,       76.80  ],
    [ 'Apple',   8,        9,     6,       45.00  ],
];

$criteria = [
    [ 'Tree',      'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit', 'Height' ],
    [ '="=Apple"', '>10',    NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     '<16'    ],
    [ '="=Pear"',  NULL,     NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     NULL     ],
];

$worksheet->fromArray( $criteria, NULL, 'A1' )
    ->fromArray( $database, NULL, 'A4' );

$worksheet->setCellValue('A12', '=DAVERAGE(A4:E10,"Yield",A1:B2)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('A12')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 12

Notes

There are no additional notes on this function

DCOUNT

The DCOUNT function returns the count of cells that contain a number in a column of a list or database matching conditions that you specify.

Syntax

DCOUNT(database, [field], criteria)

Parameters

database The range of cells that makes up the list or database.

A database is a list of related data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data are fields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.

field Indicates which column of the database is used in the function.

criteria The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify.

You can use any range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and at least one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for the column.

Return Value

float The count of the matching cells.

Examples

$database = [
    [ 'Tree',  'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit' ],
    [ 'Apple',  18,       20,    14,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',   12,       12,    10,       96.00  ],
    [ 'Cherry', 13,       14,     9,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Apple',  14,       15,    10,       75.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',    9,        8,     8,       76.80  ],
    [ 'Apple',   8,        9,     6,       45.00  ],
];

$criteria = [
    [ 'Tree',      'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit', 'Height' ],
    [ '="=Apple"', '>10',    NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     '<16'    ],
    [ '="=Pear"',  NULL,     NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     NULL     ],
];

$worksheet->fromArray( $criteria, NULL, 'A1' )
    ->fromArray( $database, NULL, 'A4' );

$worksheet->setCellValue('A12', '=DCOUNT(A4:E10,"Height",A1:B3)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('A12')->getCalculatedValue();

// $retVal = 3

Notes

In MS Excel, The field argument is optional. If field is omitted, DCOUNT counts all records in the database that match the criteria. This logic has not yet been implemented in PhpSpreadsheet.

DCOUNTA

The DCOUNT function returns the count of cells that aren’t blank in a column of a list or database and that match conditions that you specify.

Syntax

DCOUNTA(database, [field], criteria)

Parameters

database The range of cells that makes up the list or database.

A database is a list of related data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data are fields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.

field Indicates which column of the database is used in the function.

criteria The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify.

You can use any range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and at least one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for the column.

Return Value

float The count of the matching cells.

Examples

$database = [
    [ 'Tree',  'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit' ],
    [ 'Apple',  18,       20,    14,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',   12,       12,    10,       96.00  ],
    [ 'Cherry', 13,       14,     9,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Apple',  14,       15,    10,       75.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',    9,        8,     8,       76.80  ],
    [ 'Apple',   8,        9,     6,       45.00  ],
];

$criteria = [
    [ 'Tree',      'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit', 'Height' ],
    [ '="=Apple"', '>10',    NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     '<16'    ],
    [ '="=Pear"',  NULL,     NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     NULL     ],
];

$worksheet->fromArray( $criteria, NULL, 'A1' )
    ->fromArray( $database, NULL, 'A4' );

$worksheet->setCellValue('A12', '=DCOUNTA(A4:E10,"Yield",A1:A3)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('A12')->getCalculatedValue();

// $retVal = 5

Notes

In MS Excel, The field argument is optional. If field is omitted, DCOUNTA counts all records in the database that match the criteria. This logic has not yet been implemented in PhpSpreadsheet.

DGET

The DGET function extracts a single value from a column of a list or database that matches conditions that you specify.

Syntax

DGET(database, field, criteria)

Parameters

database The range of cells that makes up the list or database.

A database is a list of related data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data are fields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.

field Indicates which column of the database is used in the function.

criteria The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify.

You can use any range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and at least one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for the column.

Return Value

mixed The value from the selected column of the matching row.

Examples

$database = [
    [ 'Tree',  'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit' ],
    [ 'Apple',  18,       20,    14,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',   12,       12,    10,       96.00  ],
    [ 'Cherry', 13,       14,     9,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Apple',  14,       15,    10,       75.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',    9,        8,     8,       76.80  ],
    [ 'Apple',   8,        9,     6,       45.00  ],
];

$criteria = [
    [ 'Tree',      'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit', 'Height' ],
    [ '="=Apple"', '>10',    NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     '<16'    ],
    [ '="=Pear"',  NULL,     NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     NULL     ],
];

$worksheet->fromArray( $criteria, NULL, 'A1' )
    ->fromArray( $database, NULL, 'A4' );

$worksheet->setCellValue('A12', '=GET(A4:E10,"Age",A1:F2)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('A12')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 14

Notes

There are no additional notes on this function

DMAX

The DMAX function returns the largest number in a column of a list or database that matches conditions you specify.

Syntax

DMAX(database, field, criteria)

Parameters

database The range of cells that makes up the list or database.

A database is a list of related data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data are fields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.

field Indicates which column of the database is used in the function.

criteria The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify.

You can use any range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and at least one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for the column.

Return Value

float The maximum value of the matching cells.

Examples

$database = [
    [ 'Tree',  'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit' ],
    [ 'Apple',  18,       20,    14,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',   12,       12,    10,       96.00  ],
    [ 'Cherry', 13,       14,     9,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Apple',  14,       15,    10,       75.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',    9,        8,     8,       76.80  ],
    [ 'Apple',   8,        9,     6,       45.00  ],
];

$criteria = [
    [ 'Tree',      'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit', 'Height' ],
    [ '="=Apple"', '>10',    NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     '<16'    ],
    [ '="=Pear"',  NULL,     NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     NULL     ],
];

$worksheet->fromArray( $criteria, NULL, 'A1' )
    ->fromArray( $database, NULL, 'A4' );

$worksheet->setCellValue('A12', '=DMAX(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:B2)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('A12')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 105

Notes

There are no additional notes on this function

DMIN

The DMIN function returns the smallest number in a column of a list or database that matches conditions you specify.

Syntax

DMIN(database, field, criteria)

Parameters

database The range of cells that makes up the list or database.

A database is a list of related data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data are fields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.

field Indicates which column of the database is used in the function.

criteria The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify.

You can use any range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and at least one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for the column.

Return Value

float The minimum value of the matching cells.

Examples

$database = [
    [ 'Tree',  'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit' ],
    [ 'Apple',  18,       20,    14,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',   12,       12,    10,       96.00  ],
    [ 'Cherry', 13,       14,     9,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Apple',  14,       15,    10,       75.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',    9,        8,     8,       76.80  ],
    [ 'Apple',   8,        9,     6,       45.00  ],
];

$criteria = [
    [ 'Tree',      'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit', 'Height' ],
    [ '="=Apple"', '>10',    NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     '<16'    ],
    [ '="=Pear"',  NULL,     NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     NULL     ],
];

$worksheet->fromArray( $criteria, NULL, 'A1' )
    ->fromArray( $database, NULL, 'A4' );

$worksheet->setCellValue('A12', '=DMIN(A4:E10,"Yield",A1:A3)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('A12')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 6

Notes

There are no additional notes on this function

DPRODUCT

The DPRODUCT function multiplies the values in a column of a list or database that match conditions that you specify.

Syntax

DPRODUCT(database, field, criteria)

Parameters

database The range of cells that makes up the list or database.

A database is a list of related data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data are fields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.

field Indicates which column of the database is used in the function.

criteria The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify.

You can use any range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and at least one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for the column.

Return Value

float The product of the matching cells.

Examples

$database = [
    [ 'Tree',  'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit' ],
    [ 'Apple',  18,       20,    14,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',   12,       12,    10,       96.00  ],
    [ 'Cherry', 13,       14,     9,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Apple',  14,       15,    10,       75.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',    9,        8,     8,       76.80  ],
    [ 'Apple',   8,        9,     6,       45.00  ],
];

$criteria = [
    [ 'Tree',      'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit', 'Height' ],
    [ '="=Apple"', '>10',    NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     '<16'    ],
    [ '="=Pear"',  NULL,     NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     NULL     ],
];

$worksheet->fromArray( $criteria, NULL, 'A1' )
    ->fromArray( $database, NULL, 'A4' );

$worksheet->setCellValue('A12', '=DPRODUCT(A4:E10,"Yield",A1:B2)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('A12')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 140

Notes

There are no additional notes on this function

DSTDEV

The DSTDEV function estimates the standard deviation of a population based on a sample by using the numbers in a column of a list or database that match conditions that you specify.

Syntax

DSTDEV(database, field, criteria)

Parameters

database The range of cells that makes up the list or database.

A database is a list of related data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data are fields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.

field Indicates which column of the database is used in the function.

criteria The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify.

You can use any range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and at least one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for the column.

Return Value

float The estimated standard deviation of the matching cells.

Examples

$database = [
    [ 'Tree',  'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit' ],
    [ 'Apple',  18,       20,    14,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',   12,       12,    10,       96.00  ],
    [ 'Cherry', 13,       14,     9,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Apple',  14,       15,    10,       75.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',    9,        8,     8,       76.80  ],
    [ 'Apple',   8,        9,     6,       45.00  ],
];

$criteria = [
    [ 'Tree',      'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit', 'Height' ],
    [ '="=Apple"', '>10',    NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     '<16'    ],
    [ '="=Pear"',  NULL,     NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     NULL     ],
];

$worksheet->fromArray( $criteria, NULL, 'A1' )
    ->fromArray( $database, NULL, 'A4' );

$worksheet->setCellValue('A12', '=DSTDEV(A4:E10,"Yield",A1:A3)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('A12')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 2.97

Notes

There are no additional notes on this function

DSTDEVP

The DSTDEVP function calculates the standard deviation of a population based on the entire population by using the numbers in a column of a list or database that match conditions that you specify.

Syntax

DSTDEVP(database, field, criteria)

Parameters

database The range of cells that makes up the list or database.

A database is a list of related data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data are fields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.

field Indicates which column of the database is used in the function.

criteria The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify.

You can use any range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and at least one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for the column.

Return Value

float The estimated standard deviation of the matching cells.

Examples

$database = [
    [ 'Tree',  'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit' ],
    [ 'Apple',  18,       20,    14,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',   12,       12,    10,       96.00  ],
    [ 'Cherry', 13,       14,     9,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Apple',  14,       15,    10,       75.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',    9,        8,     8,       76.80  ],
    [ 'Apple',   8,        9,     6,       45.00  ],
];

$criteria = [
    [ 'Tree',      'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit', 'Height' ],
    [ '="=Apple"', '>10',    NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     '<16'    ],
    [ '="=Pear"',  NULL,     NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     NULL     ],
];

$worksheet->fromArray( $criteria, NULL, 'A1' )
    ->fromArray( $database, NULL, 'A4' );

$worksheet->setCellValue('A12', '=DSTDEVP(A4:E10,"Yield",A1:A3)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('A12')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 2.65

Notes

There are no additional notes on this function

DSUM

The DSUM function adds the numbers in a column of a list or database that matches conditions you specify.

Syntax

DSUM(database, field, criteria)

Parameters

database The range of cells that makes up the list or database.

A database is a list of related data in which rows of related information are records, and columns of data are fields. The first row of the list contains labels for each column.

field Indicates which column of the database is used in the function.

criteria The range of cells that contains the conditions you specify.

You can use any range for the criteria argument, as long as it includes at least one column label and at least one cell below the column label in which you specify a condition for the column.

Return Value

float The total value of the matching cells.

Examples

$database = [
    [ 'Tree',  'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit' ],
    [ 'Apple',  18,       20,    14,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',   12,       12,    10,       96.00  ],
    [ 'Cherry', 13,       14,     9,      105.00  ],
    [ 'Apple',  14,       15,    10,       75.00  ],
    [ 'Pear',    9,        8,     8,       76.80  ],
    [ 'Apple',   8,        9,     6,       45.00  ],
];

$criteria = [
    [ 'Tree',      'Height', 'Age', 'Yield', 'Profit', 'Height' ],
    [ '="=Apple"', '>10',    NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     '<16'    ],
    [ '="=Pear"',  NULL,     NULL,  NULL,    NULL,     NULL     ],
];

$worksheet->fromArray( $criteria, NULL, 'A1' )
    ->fromArray( $database, NULL, 'A4' );

$worksheet->setCellValue('A12', '=DMIN(A4:E10,"Profit",A1:A2)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('A12')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 225

Notes

There are no additional notes on this function

DVAR

Not yet documented.

DVARP

Not yet documented.

Date and Time Functions

Excel provides a number of functions for the manipulation of dates and times, and calculations based on date/time values. it is worth spending some time reading the section titled "Date and Time Values" on passing date parameters and returning date values to understand how PhpSpreadsheet reconciles the differences between dates and times in Excel and in PHP.

DATE

The DATE function returns an Excel timestamp or a PHP timestamp or DateTime object representing the date that is referenced by the parameters.

Syntax

DATE(year, month, day)

Parameters

year The year number.

If this value is between 0 (zero) and 1899 inclusive (for the Windows 1900 calendar), or between 4 and 1903 inclusive (for the Mac 1904), then PhpSpreadsheet adds it to the Calendar base year, so a value of 108 will interpret the year as 2008 when using the Windows 1900 calendar, or 2012 when using the Mac 1904 calendar.

month The month number.

If this value is greater than 12, the DATE function adds that number of months to the first month in the year specified. For example, DATE(2008,14,2) returns a value representing February 2, 2009.

If the value of month is less than 1, then that value will be adjusted by -1, and that will then be subtracted from the first month of the year specified. For example, DATE(2008,0,2) returns a value representing December 2, 2007; while DATE(2008,-1,2) returns a value representing November 2, 2007.

day The day number.

If this value is greater than the number of days in the month (and year) specified, the DATE function adds that number of days to the first day in the month. For example, DATE(2008,1,35) returns a value representing February 4, 2008.

If the value of day is less than 1, then that value will be adjusted by -1, and that will then be subtracted from the first month of the year specified. For example, DATE(2008,3,0) returns a value representing February 29, 2008; while DATE(2008,3,-2) returns a value representing February 27, 2008.

Return Value

mixed A date/time stamp that corresponds to the given date.

This could be a PHP timestamp value (integer), a PHP DateTime object, or an Excel timestamp value (real), depending on the value of \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::getReturnDateType().

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Year')
    ->setCellValue('A2', 'Month')
    ->setCellValue('A3', 'Day');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B1', 2008)
    ->setCellValue('B2', 12)
    ->setCellValue('B3', 31);

$worksheet->setCellValue('D1', '=DATE(B1,B2,B3)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('D1')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 1230681600

// We're going to be calling the same cell calculation multiple times,
//    and expecting different return values, so disable calculation cacheing
\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Calculation::getInstance()->setCalculationCacheEnabled(FALSE);

$saveFormat = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::getReturnDateType();

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType(
    \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_EXCEL
);

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DATE'],
    [2008, 12, 31]
);
// $retVal = 39813.0

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType(
    \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_PHP_NUMERIC
);

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DATE'],
    [2008, 12, 31]
);
// $retVal = 1230681600

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType($saveFormat);

Notes

There are no additional notes on this function

DATEDIF

The DATEDIF function computes the difference between two dates in a variety of different intervals, such number of years, months, or days.

Syntax

DATEDIF(date1, date2 [, unit])

Parameters

date1 First Date.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

date2 Second Date.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

unit The interval type to use for the calculation

This is a string, comprising one of the values listed below:

Unit	Meaning	Description
m	Months	Complete calendar months between the dates.
d	Days	Number of days between the dates.
y	Years	Complete calendar years between the dates.
ym	Months Excluding Years	Complete calendar months between the dates as if they were of the same year.
yd	Days Excluding Years	Complete calendar days between the dates as if they were of the same year.
md	Days Excluding Years And Months	Complete calendar days between the dates as if they were of the same month and same year.

The unit value is not case sensitive, and defaults to d.

Return Value

integer An integer value that reflects the difference between the two dates.

This could be the number of full days, months or years between the two dates, depending on the interval unit value passed into the function as the third parameter.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Year')
    ->setCellValue('A2', 'Month')
    ->setCellValue('A3', 'Day');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B1', 2001)
    ->setCellValue('C1', 2009)
    ->setCellValue('B2', 7)
    ->setCellValue('C2', 12)
    ->setCellValue('B3', 1)
    ->setCellValue('C3', 31);

$worksheet->setCellValue('D1', '=DATEDIF(DATE(B1,B2,B3),DATE(C1,C2,C3),"d")')
    ->setCellValue('D2', '=DATEDIF(DATE(B1,B2,B3),DATE(C1,C2,C3),"m")')
    ->setCellValue('D3', '=DATEDIF(DATE(B1,B2,B3),DATE(C1,C2,C3),"y")')
    ->setCellValue('D4', '=DATEDIF(DATE(B1,B2,B3),DATE(C1,C2,C3),"ym")')
    ->setCellValue('D5', '=DATEDIF(DATE(B1,B2,B3),DATE(C1,C2,C3),"yd")')
    ->setCellValue('D6', '=DATEDIF(DATE(B1,B2,B3),DATE(C1,C2,C3),"md")');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('D1')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 3105

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('D2')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 101

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('D3')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 8

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('D4')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 5

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('D5')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 183

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('D6')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 30

$date1 = 1193317015; // PHP timestamp for 25-Oct-2007
$date2 = 1449579415; // PHP timestamp for 8-Dec-2015

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DATEDIF'],
    [$date1, $date2, 'd']
);
// $retVal = 2966

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DATEDIF'],
    [$date1, $date2, 'm']
);
// $retVal = 97

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DATEDIF'],
    [$date1, $date2, 'y']
);
// $retVal = 8

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DATEDIF'],
    [$date1, $date2, 'ym']
);
// $retVal = 1

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DATEDIF'],
    [$date1, $date2, 'yd']
);
// $retVal = 44

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DATEDIF'],
    [$date1, $date2, 'md']
);
// $retVal = 13

Notes

If Date1 is later than Date2, DATEDIF will return a #NUM! error.

DATEVALUE

The DATEVALUE function returns the date represented by a date formatted as a text string. Use DATEVALUE to convert a date represented by text to a serial number.

Syntax

DATEVALUE(dateString)

Parameters

date Date String.

A string, representing a date value.

Return Value

mixed A date/time stamp that corresponds to the given date.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Date String');
    ->setCellValue('A2', '31-Dec-2008')
    ->setCellValue('A3', '31/12/2008')
    ->setCellValue('A4', '12-31-2008');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B2', '=DATEVALUE(A2)')
    ->setCellValue('B3', '=DATEVALUE(A3)')
    ->setCellValue('B4', '=DATEVALUE(A4)');

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType(
    \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_EXCEL
);

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B2')->getCalculatedValue();

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B3')->getCalculatedValue();

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B4')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 39813.0 for all cases

// We're going to be calling the same cell calculation multiple times,
//    and expecting different return values, so disable calculation cacheing
\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Calculation::getInstance()->setCalculationCacheEnabled(FALSE);

$saveFormat = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::getReturnDateType();

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType(
    \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_EXCEL
);

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DATEVALUE'],
    ['31-Dec-2008']
);
// $retVal = 39813.0

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType(
    \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_PHP_NUMERIC
);

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DATEVALUE'],
    ['31-Dec-2008']
);
// $retVal = 1230681600

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType($saveFormat);

Notes

DATEVALUE uses the php DateTime object implementation of strtotime() (which can handle a wider range of formats than the normal strtotime() function), and it is also called for any date parameter passed to other date functions (such as DATEDIF) when the parameter value is a string.

WARNING:- PhpSpreadsheet accepts a wider range of date formats than MS Excel, so it is entirely possible that Excel will return a #VALUE! error when passed a date string that it can’t interpret, while PhpSpreadsheet is able to translate that same string into a correct date value.

Care should be taken in workbooks that use string formatted dates in calculations when writing to Xls or Xlsx.

DAY

The DAY function returns the day of a date. The day is given as an integer ranging from 1 to 31.

Syntax

DAY(datetime)

Parameters

datetime Date.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

Return Value

integer An integer value that reflects the day of the month.

This is an integer ranging from 1 to 31.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Date String')
    ->setCellValue('A2', '31-Dec-2008')
    ->setCellValue('A3', '14-Feb-2008');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B2', '=DAY(A2)')
    ->setCellValue('B3', '=DAY(A3)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B2')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 31

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B3')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 14

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DAYOFMONTH'],
    ['25-Dec-2008']
);
// $retVal = 25

Notes

Note that the PhpSpreadsheet function is \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::DAYOFMONTH() when the method is called statically.

DAYS360

The DAYS360 function computes the difference between two dates based on a 360 day year (12 equal periods of 30 days each) used by some accounting systems.

Syntax

DAYS360(date1, date2 [, method])

Parameters

date1 First Date.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

date2 Second Date.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

method A boolean flag (TRUE or FALSE)

This is a flag that determines which method to use in the calculation, based on the values listed below:

method	Description
FALSE	U.S. (NASD) method. If the starting date is the last day of a month, it becomes equal to the 30th of the same month. If the ending date is the last day of a month and the starting date is earlier than the 30th of a month, the ending date becomes equal to the 1st of the next month; otherwise the ending date becomes equal to the 30th of the same month.
TRUE	European method. Starting dates and ending dates that occur on the 31st of a month become equal to the 30th of the same month.

The method value defaults to FALSE.

Return Value

integer An integer value that reflects the difference between the two dates.

This is the number of full days between the two dates, based on a 360 day year.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('B1', 'Start Date')
    ->setCellValue('C1', 'End Date')
    ->setCellValue('A2', 'Year')
    ->setCellValue('A3', 'Month')
    ->setCellValue('A4', 'Day');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B2', 2003)
    ->setCellValue('B3', 2)
    ->setCellValue('B4', 3);

$worksheet->setCellValue('C2', 2007)
    ->setCellValue('C3', 5)
    ->setCellValue('C4', 31);

$worksheet->setCellValue('E2', '=DAYS360(DATE(B2,B3,B4),DATE(C2,C3,C4))')
    ->setCellValue('E4', '=DAYS360(DATE(B2,B3,B4),DATE(C2,C3,C4),FALSE)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('E2')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 1558

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('E4')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 1557

$date1 = 37655.0; // Excel timestamp for 25-Oct-2007
$date2 = 39233.0; // Excel timestamp for 8-Dec-2015

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DAYS360'],
    [$date1, $date2]
);
// $retVal = 1558

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'DAYS360'],
    [$date1, $date2, TRUE]
);
// $retVal = 1557

Notes

WARNING:- This function does not currently work with the Xls Writer when a PHP Boolean is used for the third (optional) parameter (as shown in the example above), and the writer will generate and error. It will work if a numeric 0 or 1 is used for the method parameter; or if the Excel TRUE() and FALSE() functions are used instead.

EDATE

The EDATE function returns an Excel timestamp or a PHP timestamp or DateTime object representing the date that is the indicated number of months before or after a specified date (the start_date). Use EDATE to calculate maturity dates or due dates that fall on the same day of the month as the date of issue.

Syntax

EDATE(baseDate, months)

Parameters

baseDate Start Date.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

months Number of months to add.

An integer value indicating the number of months before or after baseDate. A positive value for months yields a future date; a negative value yields a past date.

Return Value

mixed A date/time stamp that corresponds to the basedate + months.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Date String')
    ->setCellValue('A2', '1-Jan-2008')
    ->setCellValue('A3', '29-Feb-2008');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B2', '=EDATE(A2,5)')
    ->setCellValue('B3', '=EDATE(A3,-12)');

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType(
    \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_EXCEL
);

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B2')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 39600.0 (1-Jun-2008)

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B3')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 39141.0 (28-Feb-2007)

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType(
    \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_EXCEL
);

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'EDATE'],
    ['31-Oct-2008', 25]
);
// $retVal = 40512.0 (30-Nov-2010)

Notes

WARNING:- This function is currently not supported by the Xls Writer because it is not a standard function within Excel 5, but an add-in from the Analysis ToolPak.

EOMONTH

The EOMONTH function returns an Excel timestamp or a PHP timestamp or DateTime object representing the date of the last day of the month that is the indicated number of months before or after a specified date (the start_date). Use EOMONTH to calculate maturity dates or due dates that fall on the last day of the month.

Syntax

EOMONTH(baseDate, months)

Parameters

baseDate Start Date.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

months Number of months to add.

An integer value indicating the number of months before or after baseDate. A positive value for months yields a future date; a negative value yields a past date.

Return Value

mixed A date/time stamp that corresponds to the last day of basedate

months.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Date String')
    ->setCellValue('A2', '1-Jan-2000')
    ->setCellValue('A3', '14-Feb-2009');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B2', '=EOMONTH(A2,5)')
    ->setCellValue('B3', '=EOMONTH(A3,-12)');

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType(\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_EXCEL);

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B2')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 39629.0 (30-Jun-2008)

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B3')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 39507.0 (29-Feb-2008)

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::setReturnDateType(
    \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::RETURNDATE_EXCEL
);

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'EOMONTH'],
    ['31-Oct-2008', 13]
);
// $retVal = 40147.0 (30-Nov-2010)

Notes

WARNING:- This function is currently not supported by the Xls Writer because it is not a standard function within Excel 5, but an add-in from the Analysis ToolPak.

HOUR

The HOUR function returns the hour of a time value. The hour is given as an integer, ranging from 0 (12:00 A.M.) to 23 (11:00 P.M.).

Syntax

HOUR(datetime)

Parameters

datetime Time.

An Excel date/time value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date/time represented as a string.

Return Value

integer An integer value that reflects the hour of the day.

This is an integer ranging from 0 to 23.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Time String')
    ->setCellValue('A2', '31-Dec-2008 17:30')
    ->setCellValue('A3', '14-Feb-2008 4:20 AM')
    ->setCellValue('A4', '14-Feb-2008 4:20 PM');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B2', '=HOUR(A2)')
    ->setCellValue('B3', '=HOUR(A3)')
    ->setCellValue('B4', '=HOUR(A4)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B2')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 17

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B3')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 4

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B4')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 16

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'HOUROFDAY'],
    ['09:30']
);
// $retVal = 9

Notes

Note that the PhpSpreadsheet function is \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::HOUROFDAY() when the method is called statically.

MINUTE

The MINUTE function returns the minutes of a time value. The minute is given as an integer, ranging from 0 to 59.

Syntax

MINUTE(datetime)

Parameters

datetime Time.

An Excel date/time value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date/time represented as a string.

Return Value

integer An integer value that reflects the minutes within the hour.

This is an integer ranging from 0 to 59.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Time String')
    ->setCellValue('A2', '31-Dec-2008 17:30')
    ->setCellValue('A3', '14-Feb-2008 4:20 AM')
    ->setCellValue('A4', '14-Feb-2008 4:45 PM');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B2', '=MINUTE(A2)')
    ->setCellValue('B3', '=MINUTE(A3)')
    ->setCellValue('B4', '=MINUTE(A4)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B2')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 30

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B3')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 20

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B4')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 45

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'MINUTE'],
    ['09:30']
);
// $retVal = 30

Notes

Note that the PhpSpreadsheet function is \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::MINUTE() when the method is called statically.

MONTH

The MONTH function returns the month of a date. The month is given as an integer ranging from 1 to 12.

Syntax

MONTH(datetime)

Parameters

datetime Date.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

Return Value

integer An integer value that reflects the month of the year.

This is an integer ranging from 1 to 12.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Date String');
$worksheet->setCellValue('A2', '31-Dec-2008');
$worksheet->setCellValue('A3', '14-Feb-2008');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B2', '=MONTH(A2)');
$worksheet->setCellValue('B3', '=MONTH(A3)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B2')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 12

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B3')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 2

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'MONTHOFYEAR'],
    ['14-July-2008']
);
// $retVal = 7

Notes

Note that the PhpSpreadsheet function is \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::MONTHOFYEAR() when the method is called statically.

NETWORKDAYS

The NETWORKDAYS function returns the number of whole working days between a start date and an end date. Working days exclude weekends and any dates identified in holidays. Use NETWORKDAYS to calculate employee benefits that accrue based on the number of days worked during a specific term.

Syntax

NETWORKDAYS(startDate, endDate [, holidays])

Parameters

startDate Start Date of the period.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

endDate End Date of the period.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

holidays Optional array of Holiday dates.

An optional range of one or more dates to exclude from the working calendar, such as state and federal holidays and floating holidays.

The list can be either a range of cells that contains the dates or an array constant of Excel date values, PHP date timestamps, PHP date objects, or dates represented as strings.

Return Value

integer Number of working days.

The number of working days between startDate and endDate.

Examples

Notes

There are no additional notes on this function

NOW

The NOW function returns the current date and time.

Syntax

NOW()

Parameters

There are no parameters for the NOW() function.

Return Value

mixed A date/time stamp that corresponds to the current date and time.

Examples

Notes

Note that the PhpSpreadsheet function is \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::DATETIMENOW() when the method is called statically.

SECOND

The SECOND function returns the seconds of a time value. The second is given as an integer, ranging from 0 to 59.

Syntax

SECOND(datetime)

Parameters

datetime Time.

An Excel date/time value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date/time represented as a string.

Return Value

integer An integer value that reflects the seconds within the minute.

This is an integer ranging from 0 to 59.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Time String')
    ->setCellValue('A2', '31-Dec-2008 17:30:20')
    ->setCellValue('A3', '14-Feb-2008 4:20 AM')
    ->setCellValue('A4', '14-Feb-2008 4:45:59 PM');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B2', '=SECOND(A2)')
    ->setCellValue('B3', '=SECOND(A3)');
    ->setCellValue('B4', '=SECOND(A4)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B2')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 20

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B3')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 0

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B4')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 59

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'SECOND'],
    ['09:30:17']
);
// $retVal = 17

Notes

Note that the PhpSpreadsheet function is \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::SECOND() when the method is called statically.

TIME

Not yet documented.

TIMEVALUE

Not yet documented.

TODAY

Not yet documented.

WEEKDAY

The WEEKDAY function returns the day of the week for a given date. The day is given as an integer ranging from 1 to 7, although this can be modified to return a value between 0 and 6.

Syntax

WEEKDAY(datetime [, method])

Parameters

datetime Date.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

method An integer flag (values 0, 1 or 2)

This is a flag that determines which method to use in the calculation, based on the values listed below:

method | Description
:-----:|------------------------------------------
0      | Returns 1 (Sunday) through 7 (Saturday).
1      | Returns 1 (Monday) through 7 (Sunday).
2      | Returns 0 (Monday) through 6 (Sunday).

The method value defaults to 1.

Return Value

integer An integer value that reflects the day of the week.

This is an integer ranging from 1 to 7, or 0 to 6, depending on the value of method.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Date String')
    ->setCellValue('A2', '31-Dec-2008')
    ->setCellValue('A3', '14-Feb-2008');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B2', '=WEEKDAY(A2)')
    ->setCellValue('B3', '=WEEKDAY(A3,0)')
    ->setCellValue('B4', '=WEEKDAY(A3,2)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B2')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 12

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B3')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 2

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B4')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 2

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'WEEKDAY'],
    ['14-July-2008']
);
// $retVal = 7

Notes

Note that the PhpSpreadsheet function is \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions::WEEKDAY() when the method is called statically.

WEEKNUM

Not yet documented.

WORKDAY

Not yet documented.

YEAR

The YEAR function returns the year of a date.

Syntax

YEAR(datetime)

Parameters

datetime Date.

An Excel date value, PHP date timestamp, PHP DateTime object, or a date represented as a string.

Return Value

integer An integer value that reflects the month of the year.

This is an integer year value.

Examples

$worksheet->setCellValue('A1', 'Date String')
    ->setCellValue('A2', '17-Jul-1982')
    ->setCellValue('A3', '16-Apr-2009');

$worksheet->setCellValue('B2', '=YEAR(A2)')
    ->setCellValue('B3', '=YEAR(A3)');

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B2')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 1982

$retVal = $worksheet->getCell('B3')->getCalculatedValue();
// $retVal = 2009

$retVal = call_user_func_array(
    ['\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Functions', 'YEAR'],
    ['14-July-2001']
);
// $retVal = 2001

Notes

There are no additional notes on this function

YEARFRAC

Not yet documented.

60 KiB Raw Blame History Unescape Escape

Calculation Engine

Using the PhpSpreadsheet calculation engine

Performing formula calculations

Known limitations

Function that are not Supported in Xls

Operator precedence

Formulas involving numbers and text

Formulas don’t seem to be calculated in Excel2003 using compatibility pack?

Handling Date and Time Values

Excel functions that return a Date and Time value

PHP Timestamps

PHP DateTime Objects

Excel Timestamps

Functions that return a Date/Time Value

Excel functions that accept Date and Time values as parameters

Functions that expect a Date/Time Value

Helper Methods

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::excelToTimestamp($excelDate)

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::excelToDateTimeObject($excelDate)

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::PHPToExcel($PHPDate)

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::formattedPHPToExcel($year, $month, $day, $hours=0, $minutes=0, $seconds=0)

Timezone support for Excel date timestamp conversions

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::getDefaultTimezone()

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::setDefaultTimezone($timeZone)

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::excelToDateTimeObject($excelDate, $timeZone)

\PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date::excelToTimeStamp($excelDate, $timeZone)

Function Reference

Database Functions

DAVERAGE

Syntax

Parameters

Return Value

Examples

Notes

DCOUNT

Syntax

Parameters

Return Value

Examples

Notes

DCOUNTA

Syntax

Parameters

Return Value

Examples

Notes

DGET

Syntax

Parameters

Return Value

Examples

Notes

DMAX

Syntax

Parameters

Return Value

Examples

Notes

DMIN

Syntax

Parameters

Return Value

Examples

Notes

DPRODUCT

Syntax

Parameters

Return Value

Examples

Notes

DSTDEV

Syntax

Parameters

Return Value

Examples

Notes

DSTDEVP

Syntax

Parameters

60 KiB

Raw Blame History

PHP `DateTime` Objects